Concepts · Domain B

Discriminative stimulus (Sᴰ) vs. motivating operation (MO)

The difference in short

The discriminative stimulus (Sᴰ) and the motivating operation (MO) are different antecedents. The MO changes the value of a reinforcer (how much you want it); the Sᴰ changes its availability (it signals the reinforcer is available if you respond). Quick rule: MO = wanting; Sᴰ = knowing it's available.

Quick comparison

Motivating operation (MO)Discriminative stimulus (Sᴰ)
OperationAlters the value of a reinforcerSignals the reinforcer is available
EffectChanges how much you want it↑ Behavior is more likely
ExampleYou haven't eaten in hours → food is worth more now.You see the restaurant is open → you go in to order.

How to tell them apart

  1. Does the antecedent change how much you WANT the reinforcer (MO) or signal that it's AVAILABLE (Sᴰ)?

Examples

MOMotivating operation
You haven't eaten in hours → food is worth more now.
SᴰDiscriminative stimulus
You see the restaurant is open → you go in to order.

Frequently asked

How do I quickly tell MO from Sᴰ?
The MO affects value/motivation (being hungry); the Sᴰ affects availability (knowing where to get food). Wanting vs. knowing it's available.

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