Concepts · Domain B

Discriminative stimulus (Sᴰ) vs. S-delta (SΔ)

The difference in short

The discriminative stimulus (Sᴰ) and S-delta (SΔ) are opposite antecedent signals. With an Sᴰ there's a history of reinforcement being available, so behavior is more likely. With an SΔ reinforcement isn't available, so behavior is less likely.

Quick comparison

Discriminative stimulus (Sᴰ)S-delta (SΔ)
OperationSignals reinforcement is availableSignals reinforcement is NOT available
Effect↑ Behavior is more likely↓ Behavior is less likely
ExampleGreen light → you cross the street.Red light → you don't cross.

How to tell them apart

  1. In the stimulus's presence, is there a history of reinforcement (Sᴰ) or non-reinforcement (SΔ)?

Examples

SᴰDiscriminative stimulus
Green light → you cross the street.
S-delta
Red light → you don't cross.

Frequently asked

Does S-delta punish behavior?
No. S-delta adds or removes no consequence; it only signals that reinforcement isn't available, so behavior is simply less likely in its presence.

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